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铝锂合金是以铝为基体、锂为主要合金化元素的轻质高强结构材料，具有低密度、高比强度、高弹性模量和良好的耐腐蚀性等特点，在航空航天等领域具有重要应用价值.但铝锂合金的室温塑性低、断裂韧性差等固有缺陷限制了其工程化应用，元素掺杂是精准调控其微观组织、突破性能瓶颈的关键技术途径.本文在简述铝锂合金基本特性的基础上，重点综述了Cu、Li、Mg、Ag、Zn、Zr及稀土等元素掺杂对铝锂合金力学性能与耐腐蚀性能的微观作用机理，系统阐述了单一及复合掺杂的协同效应.此外，对元素掺杂如何影响合金加工性能亦作简要展望，期望可以为高性能铝锂合金材料的深度研发提供理论参考.
Abstract：Aluminum-lithium alloys are lightweight and high-strength structural materials with aluminum as the base and lithium as the main alloying element. With characteristics such as low density, high specific strength, high elastic modulus, and good corrosion resistance, it has significant application value in aerospace and other fields. However, theinherent defects, such as low room-temperature plasticity and poor fracture toughness, limit theengineering applications. Element doping is a key technical approach forprecisely controlling the microstructure and overcoming performance bottlenecks. Based on a brief description of basic propalloys and aluminum-lithium alloys, this paper focuses on reviewing the microscopic action mechanisms of elements such as Cu, Li, Mg, Ag, Zn, Zr, and rare earths on the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of aluminum-lithium alloys, and systematically expounds the synergistic effects of single and compound doping. In addition, a brief outlook on how element doping affects the processing performance of alloys is also provided. It is hoped that this can provide theoretical references for the development of aluminum-lithium alloy materials with high performance.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14186/j.cnki.1671-6620.2026.03.004
中图分类号:TG146.21
引用信息:
[1]马北越,吕才文,郑海耀,等.元素掺杂对铝锂合金性能影响的研究进展[J].材料与冶金学报,2026,25(03):216-223+239.DOI:10.14186/j.cnki.1671-6620.2026.03.004.
基金信息:
先进耐火材料全国重点实验室开放课题(SKLAR-KF-2025-14)
2026-05-15
2026-05-15